An Illustrated Guide to Relativity
http://edu-observatory.org/olli/Relativity/Week3.html




 Read Online or Download  

 Table of Contents, Index  
 Lecture Notes  
 Special Relativity Practice Problems  

REVIEW
    
⓶ Einsteinian Relativity
   http://edu-observatory.org/olli/Relativity/Week2.html

  


        

Supernovae Problem I
  http://www1.phys.vt.edu/~takeuchi/relativity/practice/problem15.html


  The spacetime diagram shows five stars which go supernovae
  at spacetime points A, B, C, D, and E. These supernovae are
  observed by astronomers on the Earth, and also by scientists
  aboard a fast moving spaceship, the trajectories of which
  are also shown on the spacetime diagram.



  In which chronological order do the five supernovae occur in 
  the Earth frame of reference?
    B and E simultaneously, then D, then A, then C.

  In which chronological order do the five supernovae occur in 
  the spaceship frame of reference?
    E, then D, then B, then A and C simultaneously.

  In which chronological order do the astronomers on Earth see 
  the supernovae?
    B, then A, then D, then E, then C.

  In which chronological order do the scientists on the 
  spaceship see the supernovae?
    B, then D, then E, then A and C simultaneously.

  Is the chronological order in which supernovae A and B occur 
  the same in all frames of reference? Explain.
    The chronological order of A and B is the same in all frames 
    of reference. The spacetime points A and B can be connected 
    by an object or signal which travels slower than the speed 
    of light. (In technical terms, A is in the future light-cone 
    of B.) Therefore, B must happen before A in all frames.



Supernovae Problem II
  http://www1.phys.vt.edu/~takeuchi/relativity/practice/problem16.html


  The spacetime diagram shows five stars which go supernovae
  at spacetime points A, B, C, D, and E. These supernovae are
  observed by astronomers on the Earth, and also by scientists
  aboard a fast moving spaceship, the trajectories of which
  are also shown on the spacetime diagram.



  In which chronological order do the five supernovae occur in
  the Earth frame of reference?
    E, then B, then A, then C and D simultaneously.

  In which chronological order do the five supernovae occur in 
  the spaceship frame of reference?
    E, then B, then D, then A and C simultaneously.

  In which chronological order do the astronomers on Earth see 
  the supernovae?
    A, then B, then C and E simultaneously, then D.

  In which chronological order do the scientists on the 
  spaceship see the supernovae?
    B, then A, then C and E simultaneously, then D.

  Is the chronological order in which supernovae B and D occur 
  the same in all frames of reference? Explain.
    The chronological order of B and D is NOT the same in all 
    frames of reference. The spacetime points B and D cannot
    be connected by an object or signal which travels slower
    than the speed of light. They are outside of each others
    light-cones. Therefore, their chronological order will
    depend on the frame.



Supernovae Problem III
  http://www1.phys.vt.edu/~takeuchi/relativity/practice/problem16.html


  The spacetime diagram shows five stars which go supernovae
  at spacetime points A, B, C, D, and E. These supernovae are
  observed by astronomers on the Earth, and also by scientists
  aboard a fast moving spaceship, the trajectories of which
  are also shown on the spacetime diagram.



  In which chronological order do the five supernovae occur in
  the Earth frame of reference?
    A and D simultaneously, then B, then C, then E.

  In which chronological order do the five supernovae occur in 
  the spaceship frame of reference?
    D, then A and B simultaneously, then C and E simultaneously.

  In which chronological order do the astronomers on Earth see 
  the supernovae?
    B, then A and D simultaneously, then C, then E.

  In which chronological order do the scientists on the 
  spaceship see the supernovae?
    D, then B and C and E simultaneously, then A.

  Is the chronological order in which supernovae A and E occur
  the same in all frames of reference? Explain.
    The chronological order of A and E is NOT the same in all 
    frames of reference. The spacetime points A and E cannot
    be connected by an object or signal which travels slower
    than the speed of light. They are outside of each others
    light-cones. Therefore, their chronological order will
    depend on the frame.







Interactive Minkowski Diagram
  https://sciencesims.com/sims/minkowski/  
Lorentz Factor Calculator  𝛾 = 1/√(1-(v^2/c^2))
  https://www.azcalculator.com/calc/lorentz-factor-calculator.php  
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_factor
  
  


Five Papers That Shook the World
  https://physicsworld.com/a/five-papers-that-shook-the-world/

ON THE ELECTRODYNAMICS OF MOVING BODIES  By A. Einstein
  http://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/specrel.pdf

Beautiful, Simple and Profound  (90 min)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_yk45m4E3M
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASzECGtSpqQ

Spacetime: All the universe's a stage
  https://www.symmetrymagazine.org/article/spacetime-all-the-universes-a-stage  

Feynman Diagrams
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qe7atm1x6Mg  


  
  
  



 
    swormley2@gmail.com