Spooky Action at a Distance and Quantum Technology
Quantum Computing

http://edu-observatory.org/olli/Quantum/Week4.html



We're Close to a Universal Quantum Computer  (8+ min)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yaY4Fw-ovM

  Quantum computers are just on the horizon as both tech
  giants and startups are working to kickstart the next
  computing revolution.

How Does a Quantum Computer Work?  (7 min)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_IaVepNDT4

Quantum Computer in a Nutshell (Documentary)  (30 min)
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dXNmbiGPS4

  The reservoir of possibilities offered by the fundamental
  laws of Nature, is the key point in the development of
  science and technology. Quantum computing is the next step
  on the road to broaden our perspective from which we
  currently look at the Universe. The movie shows the history
  of progress in this fascinating field of science, introduces
  the most promising models and algorithms, explains the
  advantages of quantum computers over classical solutions,
  and finally presents wonderful people thanks to which the
  quality of our lives is constantly being improved.

Timeline of quantum computing
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_quantum_computing

  Quantum computing, which holds the promise of outclassing
  even the world's fastest supercomputers, at least for
  certain types of problems, is now at a similar stage in its
  development. Prototypes are functioning but it is not clear
  what shape the machines will eventually take. One big
  question, for example, is whether "qubits", which are the
  quantum equivalent of transistors, will live in tiny loops
  of superconducting wire cooled to ultra-low temperatures, be
  ions trapped in magnetic fields or rely on some other
  technology.
 
 
 
D-Wave demonstrates first large-scale quantum simulation of topological state of matter 
  https://phys.org/news/2018-08-d-wave-large-scale-quantum-simulation-topological.html
 
  "This paper represents a breakthrough in the simulation of
  physical systems which are otherwise essentially
  impossible," said 2016 Nobel laureate Dr. J. Michael
  Kosterlitz. "The test reproduces most of the expected
  results, which is a remarkable achievement. This gives hope
  that future quantum simulators will be able to explore more
  complex and poorly understood systems so that one can trust
  the simulation results in quantitative detail as a model of
  a physical system. I look forward to seeing future
  applications of this simulation method."


Researchers 'teleport' a quantum gate
  https://phys.org/news/2018-09-teleport-quantum-gate.html

  Yale University researchers have demonstrated one of the key
  steps in building the architecture for modular quantum
  computers: the "teleportation" of a quantum gate between two
  qubits, on demand.

  The key principle behind this new work is quantum
  teleportation, a unique feature of quantum mechanics that
  has previously been used to transmit unknown quantum states
  between two parties without physically sending the state
  itself. Using a theoretical protocol developed in the 1990s,
  Yale researchers experimentally demonstrated a quantum
  operation, or "gate," without relying on any direct
  interaction. 

One step closer to complex quantum teleportation
  https://phys.org/news/2018-11-closer-complex-quantum-teleportation.html?utm_source=nwletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=weekly-nwletter


Quantum computers are about to get real
  https://www.sciencenews.org/article/quantum-computers-are-about-get-real

  Quantum computing's promise is rooted in quantum mechanics,
  the counterintuitive physics that governs tiny entities such
  as atoms, electrons and molecules. The basic element of a
  quantum computer is the qubit (pronounced "CUE-bit"). Unlike
  a standard computer bit, which can take on a value of 0 or
  1, a qubit can be 0, 1 or a combination of the two - a sort
  of purgatory between 0 and 1 known as a quantum
  super­position. When a qubit is measured, there's some
  chance of getting 0 and some chance of getting 1. But before
  it's measured, it's both 0 and 1.



  Because qubits can represent 0 and 1 simultaneously, they
  can encode a wealth of information. In computations, both
  possibilities - 0 and 1 - are operated on at the same time,
  allowing for a sort of parallel computation that speeds up
  solutions.

  Another qubit quirk: Their properties can be intertwined
  through the quantum phenomenon of entanglement (SN: 4/29/17,
  p. 8). A measurement of one qubit in an entangled pair
  instantly reveals the value of its partner, even if they are
  far apart - what Albert Einstein called "spooky action at a
  distance."



Arrays of atoms emerge as dark horse candidate to power 
quantum computers
  https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/09/arrays-atoms-emerge-dark-horse-candidate-power-quantum-computers?utm_campaign=news_daily_2018-09-26&et_rid=17102414&et_cid=2393578

  In a small basement laboratory, Harry Levine, a Harvard
  University graduate student in physics, can assemble a
  rudimentary computer in a fraction of a second. There isn't
  a processor chip in sight; his computer is powered by 51
  rubidium atoms that reside in a glass cell the size of a
  matchbox. To create his computer, he lines up the atoms in
  single file, using a laser split into 51 beams. More
  lasers-six beams per atom-slow the atoms until they are
  nearly motionless. Then, with yet another set of lasers, he
  coaxes the atoms to interact with each other, and, in
  principle, perform calculations.
  
  Because neutral atoms lack electric charge and interact
  reluctantly with other atoms, they would seem to make poor
  qubits. But by using specifically timed laser pulses,
  physicists can excite an atom's outermost electron and move
  it away from the nucleus, inflating the atom to billions of
  times its usual size. Once in this so-called Rydberg state,
  the atom behaves more like an ion, interacting
  electromagnetically with neighboring atoms and preventing
  them from becoming Rydberg atoms themselves.
  








Multiparticle, multidimensional entanglement
  https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.6.1.20181101a/full/

Algorithms for Quantum Computers
  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/algorithms-for-quantum-computers/

  Within a few years quantum computers could catch up to or
  even outperform classical computers thanks to significant
  work on hardware and the algorithms to run on it.

  Quantum computers exploit quantum mechanics to perform
  calculations. Their basic unit of computation, the qubit, is
  analogous to the standard bit (zero or one), but it is in a
  quantum superposition between two computational quantum
  states: it can be a zero and a one at the same time. That
  property, along with another uniquely quantum feature known
  as entanglement, can enable quantum computers to resolve
  certain classes of problems more efficiently than any
  conventional computer can.

Wikipedia -- Quantum computing
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing

Wikipedia -- Quantum Decoherence
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing#Quantum_decoherence

Wikipedia -- Qubit
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubit

Why Quantum Computers Will Be Super Awesome, Someday
  https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-11-14/why-quantum-computers-will-be-super-awesome-someday-quicktake

  

 
    sam.wormley@icloud.com